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Overview
Citrus × aurantium, commonly known as bitter orange or Seville orange, is a flowering evergreen tree prized for its ornamental value, fragrant flowers and tart but edible fruit.
It is a hybrid between Citrus maxima (pomelo) and Citrus reticulata (mandarin).
Its striking appearance and versatile uses make it a popular choice for cultivation in domestic gardens - especially if you are a marmalade fan as this Orange is the one required to make the very best of this preserve.
Soil: Well-drained, slightly acidic soil. It can tolerate a range of soil types but thrives in fertile, loamy soil.
Maintenance: Regular pruning to maintain shape and remove dead or damaged branches.
Fertilisation in spring, summer and autumn can assist promote healthy growth and fruit production.
Note Citrus are gross feeders and need higher than average amounts of nitrogen - a Citrus formulation is therefore recommended.
Diseases: Susceptible to pests such as aphids, scale insects, and citrus leaf miners. Common diseases include citrus canker, citrus greening, and various fungal infections.
Invasiveness: Not considered invasive
Toxicity: The fruit is edible when ripe but should be consumed in moderation due to its high acidity.
The leaves and stems contain essential oils that can cause skin irritation in some individuals.
Other Species: Other notable species in the Citrus genus include Citrus sinensis (sweet orange), Citrus limon (lemon), Citrus paradisi (grapefruit), and Citrus reticulata (mandarin).
Comments: Bitter orange has various social uses beyond its ornamental and culinary value.
The fragrant flowers are often used in perfumery and aromatherapy.
The peel is used in arts and crafts, such as making potpourri or candied orange peel.
In traditional medicine, bitter orange extract is used for its purported health benefits, including aiding digestion and promoting weight loss.
Additionally, the fruit is used in culinary applications, particularly in the production of marmalade and as a flavoring agent in cooking and baking.
Author: Bob Saunders.